El arte de la guerra maquiavelo wikipedia

Written between and and published the following year, it was Machiavelli's only historical or political work printed during his lifetime, though he was appointed official historian of Florence in and entrusted with minor civil duties. The Art of War is divided into a preface proemio and seven books chapters , which take the form of a series of dialogues that take place in the Orti Oricellari, the gardens built in a classical style by Bernardo Rucellai in the s for Florentine aristocrats and humanists to engage in discussion, between Cosimo Rucellai and "Lord Fabrizio Colonna" many feel Colonna is a veiled disguise for Machiavelli himself, but this view has been challenged by scholars such as Mansfield [ 1 ] , with other patrizi and captains of the recent Florentine republic: Zanobi Buondelmonti, Battista della Palla and Luigi Alamanni.

The work is dedicated to Lorenzo di Filippo Strozzi , patrizio fiorentino in a preface which ostentatiously pronounces Machiavelli's authorship. After repeated uses of the first person singular to introduce the dialogue, Machiavelli retreats from the work, serving as neither narrator nor interlocutor. Fabrizio dominates the discussions with his knowledge, wisdom and insights.

The other characters, for the most part, simply yield to his superior knowledge and merely bring up topics, ask him questions or for clarification. These dialogues, then, often become monologues with Fabrizio detailing how an army should be raised, trained, organized, deployed and employed. Machiavelli's Art of War echoes many themes, issues, ideas and proposals from his earlier, more widely read works, The Prince and The Discourses.

To the contemporary reader, Machiavelli's dialogue may seem impractical and to under-rate the effectiveness of both firearms and cavalry. However, his theories were not merely based on a thorough study and analysis of classical and contemporary military practices. Machiavelli had served for fourteen years as secretary to the Chancery of Florence and "personally observed and reported back to his government on the size, composition, weaponry, morale, and logistical capabilities of the most effective militaries of his day.

Machiavelli wrote that war must be expressly defined. He developed the philosophy of "limited warfare"—that is, when diplomacy fails, war is an extension of politics. Art of War also emphasizes the necessity of a state militia and promotes the concept of armed citizenry. He believed that all society, religion, science, and art rested on the security provided by the military.

El arte de la guerra maquiavelo wikipedia

At the time he was writing, firearms , both technologically and tactically, were in their infancy and the overwhelming of enemy missile-armed troops, of artillery even, between salvos, by a charge of pikes and sword and shield men would have been a viable tactic. In addition Machiavelli was not writing in a vacuum; Art of War was written as a practical proposition to the rulers of Florence as an alternative to the unreliable condottieri mercenaries upon which all the Italian city states were reliant.

A standing army of the prosperous and pampered citizens that would have formed the cavalry would have been little better. Machiavelli therefore "talks up" the advantages of a militia of those arms that Florence could realistically muster and equip from her own resources. However, his basic notion of emulating Roman practices was slowly and pragmatically adapted by many later rulers and commanders, most notably Maurice of Nassau [ 4 ] and Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden.

While Machiavelli's influence as a military theorist is often given a back seat to his writings as a political philosopher , that he considered Dell'arte della guerra to be his most important work is clear from his discussions of the military science and soldiery in other works. The faults of the people spring from the faults of their rulers.

To insure victory the troops must have confidence in themselves as well as in their commander. Chapter I. To insure a long existence to religious sects or republics, it is necessary frequently to bring them back to their original principles. Zalta, Edward N. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. En Gonzalo Abril Curto: El cuarto bios.

Editorial Complutense , p. The Medizine. Universidad de Zaragoza. ISSN Sobre Maquiavelo [ editar ]. Enlaces externos [ editar ]. Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos. Bernardo Machiavelli Bartolomea di Stefano Nelli. Marietta Corsini. Universidad de Florencia. The Cambridge history of ancient China : from the origins of civilization to B.

Cambridge University Press. ISBN OCLC Consultado el 29 de marzo de Early Chinese texts : a bibliographical guide. Society for the Study of Early China. The art of war. Columbia University Press. El arte de la guerra. The Illustrated Art of War. Oxford University Press. Archivado desde el original el 11 de octubre de Consultado el 19 de diciembre de Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books.

Military History and Professional Development.