Seyed mohammad hosseini biography of rory

This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous. Tehran , Imperial State of Iran. Career [ edit ]. Footnotes [ edit ].

The Daily Beast. Retrieved 24 January Yass Tribune. His parents had died and he had a brother, a sister, and a half-brother, with whom he had no relations. Hosseini was skilled in the Martial Arts, including Kung Fu and Wushu, and had won a championship in Radio Farda. Hosseini's inmates talk highly about him and consider him a kind, fearless and humble person: "Seyed was a lover, he treated everyone with kindness and dignity.

He used to collect and wash the dishes. He was so loving, he would wash the toilets and sweep the cigarette butts without it being his duty". The inmate continues to say: "He would hold your hand as if he had known you for a hundred years. The case of Mr. Nationwide protests were sparked by the death in custody of year old Kurdish woman Jina Mahsa Amini on September 16, Amini had been arrested by the morality police in Tehran for improper veiling on September 13 and sent brain dead to the hospital.

Seyed mohammad hosseini biography of rory

The scope and duration of the protest was unprecedented. State efforts to withdraw the morality police from the streets and preventative arrests of journalists and political and civil society activists did not stop the protests. By the end of December , protests had taken place in about cities and towns, including localities that had never witnessed protests.

Close to universities, high schools, businesses, and groups including oil workers, merchants of the Tehran bazaar among others , teachers, lawyers at least 49 of whom had been arrested as of February 1st, , artists, athletes, and even doctors joined these protests in various forms. Despite the violent crackdown and mass arrests, intense protests continued for weeks, at least through November , with reports of sporadic activity continuing through the beginning of The security forces used illegal, excessive, and lethal force with handguns, shotguns, and military assault rifles against protesters.

The bloodiest crackdown took place on September 30th in Zahedan, Baluchestan Province, where a protest began at the end of the Friday sermon. The death toll is reported to be above 90 for that day. Many injured protesters, fearing arrest, did not go to hospitals where security forces have reportedly arrested injured protesters before and after they were treated.

The death toll, including protesters and passersby, stood at , of whom 71 were children. The number of arrests including of wounded protesters was estimated at 19,, of whom had already been tried and convicted. More than protesters were at risk of capital punishment, and four had been executed in December and January without minimum standards of due process.

Authorities also claimed 70 casualties among state forces, though there are consistent reports from families of killed protesters indicating authorities have pressured them to falsely register their loved ones as such. Protesters, human rights groups, and the media have reported cases of beatings, torture including to coerce confessions , and sexual assaults.

Detainees have no access to lawyers during interrogations and their confessions are used in courts as evidence. Hosseini was arrested at his home on November 4, In the videos and pictures of Mr. Hosseini disseminated on Iranian media inside the country, his hands were tied from behind, and before him were a number of swords, knives, and other cold weapons, which, according to him, were used in connection with martial arts and their instruction.

IRIB report. He was transferred to the public ward at Karaj Central Penitentiary after the trial. In the course of 65 days of detention, he only had one visitation, and that was with the defense attorney he had retained. There is no information regarding his access to his court-appointed attorney. In the final court session, another defendant who had previously been transferred to the Karaj Central Penitentiary was added to the defendants in the case without any explanation or any specific reason, and the number of defendants increased to Hosseini had a court-appointed attorney at trial, who was also representing two other defendants.

The second and final trial sessions were conducted on December 1, and 3, The defense attorney that Mr. Hosseini had selected and retained himself was only able to represent him at the time the case was under review by the Supreme Court. In the indictment issued against Mr. Initially there was no mention of the crime of murder. IRNA, November 30, A member of the Bassij was killed that day.

The validity of the criminal charges brought against this defendant cannot be ascertained in the absence of the basic guarantees of a fair trial. The evidence against Mr. International human rights organizations have repeatedly condemned the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran for its systematic use of severe torture and solitary confinement to obtain confessions from detainees and have questioned the authenticity of confessions obtained under duress.

Short segments of the trial and Mr. Hosseini stated in his own defense at trial that he had not gone to the site of the incident to participate in the protests, and denied the charges brought against him in the indictment. The knife I was carrying was for digging around their graves and planting flowers. I noticed there was a lot of noise on the other side of Behesht-e Sakineh, and I asked why they had shut down the entrance to that part.

The agents came to us. I threw two stones at them as I was running away. There was a woman there, five men, one of whom was holding a knife and was insulting the Shahid; I left the scene after witnessing this and did not stay there. According to a source with knowledge of the case, Mr. On the day of the reconstruction of the scene of the crime, the Islamic Republic state television broadcast a report where Mr.

I ran away because I have [mental issues]; I left. Setayeshi's investigation provided no proof to back up the allegations that Karami and Hosseini were engaged in the purported crime. On 3 November , Hosseini was charged with "corruption on earth by committing crimes against the security of the country," "attacking police officers and Basij," and "gathering and conspiring against the security of the country" in a session of the Karaj Revolutionary Court presided over by Judge Moosa Asefolhosseini.

During the court hearing, he said in his defense, "I do not accept the claims brought against me. The Islamic Revolutionary Court tried the case of Hosseini and the other accused adults. The trial of Hosseini lasted less than a week. He was denied the ability to pick his own lawyer and was instead represented by a government-appointed attorney.

His state-appointed lawyer's identity has not been published in any of the court reports or news articles on him in any of the official media. He had only seen his state-appointed lawyer in court and didn't know his name. Ali Sharifzadeh Ardakani, a Tehran-based lawyer, sought to defend him in court, but the judge refused. Hosseini was sentenced to death on 5 December , alongside Mohammad Mehdi Karami and three other men.

The remaining eleven inmates, including three adolescents, received hefty prison sentences. On 3 January , the Iranian Supreme Court accepted petitions from three protestors due to insufficient investigations. However, Hosseini and Karami death sentences were maintained. In another video released by state media, he said that he was among the last people to reach the scene of the incident: "The whole time I was there was less than 10 seconds.

There was a woman in that place, and there were five men, one of whom had a knife in his hand and was insulting the martyr [Ajamian]. After seeing these scenes, I left the place and did not stay there. On 19 December , Ali Sharifzadeh Ardakani, a human rights advocate, revealed that Hosseini had been tortured, saying that he "got to meet with Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini in the prison.

There is no information on any appeal process for the Special Court for the Clergy prior to the directive. Article 49 of said directive set up, however, an appeals court called Special Appellate Court for the Clergy, the head of which is appointed by the Supreme Leader, to which the decisions of the lower court can be appealed. The military court system, independent from the judiciary under the previous regime, became a part of it on 1 December The Judiciary Organization of the Armed Forces , established in , replaced and merged other military courts and tribunals in existence at the time, namely the pre-revolution Judiciary Organization of the Army, the Revolutionary Tribunal of the Army established on 8 December , and the Revolutionary and General Court for the Revolutionary Guards established on 15 July Military Court I has jurisdiction over more serious offenses, including those punishable by death, and Military Court II hears less serious crimes.

The law of 8 December , establishing the Revolutionary Military Court, did not provide for any appeals. The Law of 15 May created a system of appeals through the creation of a two-tier system of courts. This law also provided that multiple Branches of the Supreme Court be designated as the appellate court to review decisions of Military Court I.

Shortly after the Islamic Revolution, a five-member Committee was established to purge the judicial system of undesirable elements, pursuant to the Legal Bill for the Modification of the Judiciary and the Law for Hiring Judges of 8 March The power of the committee was absolute and its decisions, resulting in a widespread purge of the judiciary, final.

The Law for the Conditions of Selection of Judges of 4 May established the conditions of eligibility for judges. The latter were to be hired among men who were legitimate children and had practical commitment to Islam and allegiance to the Islamic Republic. By , the judiciary counted about 2, new judges trained in theological seminaries graduates and students and political appointees, many having replaced judges trained in law schools.

The Executive Rules of Procedure of 22 December subjected such hiring to passing an entrance examination and successful completion of an apprenticeship program, the duration of which ranges between one and two years. The law does not limit hiring to men only but does not specify in what capacity women will be functioning, other than an advisory one.

Currently, judges are selected in accordance with the Guidelines on the Recruitment, Selection, and Internship for Judicial Candidates and the Hiring of Judges. Dismissal of Judges : From to , the judiciary was run by the Supreme Judicial Council which was composed of the head of the Supreme Court, the Prosecutor General both of whom were appointed by the Supreme Leader , and three judges elected by the entire body of judges in the country.

The Council had the power to hire and dismiss judges in accordance with the law. The constitutional reforms of substituted the Supreme Judicial Council with one person, the Head of the Judiciary. The Supreme Leader, whose mandate is not subject to popular vote, appoints the Head of the Judiciary for a 5-year term. The latter has significant power to influence the dismissal of judges.

Dismissal cases are referred to three types of disciplinary courts, presided over by judges appointed by the Head of the Judiciary, who has veto power over any decisions made by the relevant courts. The process does not necessarily involve the defendant and the final decision, left to the Head of the Judiciary, is not subject to appeal. The accused were held, sometimes without being charged, for months or years in overcrowded prisons.

During their detention, prisoners of conscience, and in particular supporters of political opposition groups or members of religious or ethnic minorities, were routinely subject to physical and psychological torture. The line between trial and interrogation was often blurred by the fact that the same individual would function as prosecutor, interrogator and judge.

Executed detainees may or may not have been tried formally. Prisoners of conscience were often tried through a summary process that might have lasted only a few minutes. When disclosed, charges facing the defendants were often vague or based on coerced confessions. Defendants had no access to attorneys, and they might not have been allowed to defend themselves.