Jaakko hintikka virginia woolf biography

Boston University. Retrieved 2 September Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. Archived from the original on 9 January Retrieved 16 January Retrieved 10 April Further reading [ edit ]. External links [ edit ]. Analytic philosophy. Metaphysics Epistemology Language Mathematics Science. Aretaic Linguistic Performative. Analysis paradox of analysis Analytic—synthetic distinction Counterfactual Natural kind Reflective equilibrium Supervenience.

Mackie Peter Singer J. Ramsey Ludwig Wittgenstein. Anscombe J. Ayer Ernest Nagel. Carl Gustav Hempel Hans Reichenbach. Who is Jaakko Hintikka? We need you! Help us build the largest biographies collection on the web! Add a New Bio. Powered by CITE. Notify me of new comments via email. Cancel Report.

Jaakko hintikka virginia woolf biography

His main contributions in logic are those of model set, distributive normal form, possible-worlds semantics, and game-theoretic semantics. A critical view of the Tarski truth definition led Hintikka to the concept of a model set as a more constructive approach to semantics. A model set has enough information to build a canonical term model in which sentences belonging to the set are true.

A model set is a set S of first-order formulas without identity for simplicity , with negation in front of atomic formulas only, in a countable vocabulary, and containing possibly new individual constants, such that:. A sentence has a model if and only if it is an element of a model set. Attempts to build a model set around the negation of a sentence form a tree, known as a semantic or Beth tableau.

Model sets came to play a central role in Hintikka's other work, such as distributive normal forms, possible-worlds semantics, and game-theoretic semantics. The process of finding the distributive normal form of a given sentence cannot be made effective. Intuitively, one pushes quantifiers as deep into the formula as possible. Distributive normal forms can be used to systematize definability theory, such as the Beth definability theorem, the Craig interpolation theorem, and the Svenonius theorem, and to systematize infinitary logic, emphasizing formal aspects more than the game-theoretic approach by Robert Vaught.

In the logic of induction Hintikka used distributive normal forms to give, in contrast to Rudolf Carnap , positive probabilities for universal generalizations. He developed a theory of surface information to support a thesis of the nontautological nature of logical inference, with applications to Kant's analytic-synthetic distinction. Hintikka's formal definition of possible-worlds semantics, or model systems, for modal and epistemic logic is based on his concept of model set, unlike Saul Kripke's approach, which uses actual models as possible worlds.

Hintikka applied possible-worlds semantics to epistemic logic, deontic and modal logic, and the logic of perception and to the study of Aristotle and Kant. See Hintikka [] for a summary of his theory of possible-worlds semantics. Hintikka's book is well-known outside of philosophy, most notably in the study of artificial intelligence and theoretical computer science.

For negation, we exchange roles. Game-theoretic semantics became Hintikka's tool for analyzing natural language, particularly pronouns, conditionals, prepositions, definite descriptions, and the de dicto versus de re distinction and for challenging the approach of generative grammar. Thus, the semantic game of IF logic is a game of partial information.

IF logic is equal in expressive power to the existential fragment of second-order logic. The satisfiability of a sentence can still be analyzed in terms of model sets, but not provability. A comprehensive examination of his thought appeared in as the volume The Philosophy of Jaakko Hintikka in the series Library of Living Philosophers. Most recently, he has been awarded the Rolf Schock Prize for Logic and Philosophy for his pioneering contributions to the logical analysis for modal concepts, in particular the concepts of knowledge and belief.